Proliferated
in recent times many universities and institutes and institutions that
will allow the opportunity for education and study for scholars and
students in various disciplines through the pages prepared specifically
for this purpose on the Internet .
First, distance education
Intended
distance education Distance Learning to use communication technology
and computer technology in the education process . Called this process
also terms such as :
Internet-Based Learning
Distributed Learning
Computer-Mediated Communication
And
distance education is the transfer of knowledge from the Centers
collected in the capitals of the states to cities far where there are no
means and modes of knowledge huge and specialized . , And the
connection between the student recipient and lecturer interactive
interactive and allows the distance education system the possibility of
receiving lectures from a remote source for a place lecture at the same
speed at the same time implementing real time application and this
system can broadcast live and recorded lectures with high efficiency ,
where the listener or the student can attend a lecture from inside or
outside the borders of Kuwait .
Divided distance education in terms of transportation into two types :
1
. Synchronous transmission synchronous delivery where communication and
interaction in real-time real time between the lecturer and the student
.
2 . Transportation asynchronous
asynchronous delivery as lecturer transfers and connect or provide
subject by video , computer or any other means later time or another and
have obtained the materials later
The benefits of distance education :
Convenience where appropriate provide appropriate between the lecturer and the student .
Flexibility allows flexibility for schools the option of participating by desire.
The impact and effectiveness of proven effectiveness research on
the education system after he was equivalent to or exceeds the impact
and effectiveness of the traditional education system so when you use
these techniques efficiently.
Estimated affordability many forms of distance education does not cost a lot of money .
The sense of multi- multi sensory There are many options in the
subject delivery methods , including the subject of televised and the
interaction of computer software and the subject recorded in cassette
tapes .
The advantages of distance education :
1 . Geographical exploitation :
Does
not require the student and the professor to be present in one place
for the exchange of information. The student may have to read or listen
to or even watching a lecture Professor electronically on-line via the
Internet , even if the student is at home or in a country other than the
country of residence of his teacher . As well as the professor can be
published electronically in his lecture script or a visual or audio over
the Internet from home or from a country other than the country in
which it resides requested .
Text textual ( using the formula Adobe Acrobat) or ;
Sonic Audio ( using the formula Streaming Real Audio) or ;
Visible Visual ( using the formula Streaming Real Video or Streaming Net Show or Compressed MPEG)
2 . Exploitation temporary :
Not
necessary to \ be both a student and a professor at the present time
and one for the exchange of information. The professor can lecture him
to publish electronically either text format printable format or audible
or visible student and then to read the lecture and prints or to listen
to or watch at any time suits him without having to throw a professor
lecture at a specific time . And also that the student the freedom to
choose the right time for him to receive the lecture , the option also
has a part in the selection of who wants to read it or listen to it or
watch it . As well as he can to re- listen to a particular part of the
lecture or to see a certain part of them and things are difficult to
achieve in a traditional lecture . For example, a student can choose the
parts that wants to listen to or watch the lecture if the lecture is
published as a
Real Audio or Real Video. He can also re- listen to or watch any part of the lecture published those formulas.
3 . Intermediate computer :
To
use the computer as an intermediary for the transfer of information
also means to exploit the speed of the computer and its potential in the
educational process and is helping in the development of this process .
4 . Provide educational opportunities for non- Almsttiein :
Distance
education will enable a large segment of the community to achieve their
wishes , especially those who do not have access to higher education
for different conditions ( such as age or link to a specific job ) .
Education is remotely open to all and the need to attend to the
university systems at specific times things which may not be suitable
for some conditions .
5 . Overcome the problem of the capacity of universities and educational bodies :
Education
is the remote does not require students to attend classes , and does
not require the presence lecturer in each chapter in order to give a
limited number of students given a lecture . This means that
universities and educational institutions will be able to overcome the
problem of limited absorptive capacities that they had to accept a
number of students commensurate with what is available from the
classrooms and teachers .
Disadvantages of distance education :
1 . The need for training :
Teachers
need to be trained on the use of the Internet in general, in addition
to training on the use of special software to be used in the work of web
pages and publish lectures and so on. The student also needs to be
trained on the use of the Internet in addition to training on the use of
programs that help the exchange of information with his teacher .
Before all of this requires both the student and the professor to
possess to learn the basics of computer Computer Literacy.
2 . The need for technological structure :
In
order to create a system of distance education must provide the
structure of technological infrastructure Technological Infrastructure
at university or who want subtracting the distance education programs .
This structure is not available at all universities or educational
institutions .
3 . The need for a connection between the students and the Internet :
So
that students have access to electronic data and to be able to exchange
information with their teachers must provide a connection between the
students and the Internet . This connection may be contacted through the
Internet service provider or ISP via the internal network of the
university teaching staff or Intranet. However, not all students are
able to connect to the Internet through Internet service provider . As
well as universities and educational bodies do not have all Intranet
networks open to students .
4 . Problem Bandwidth Bandwidth:
Of
the fundamental problems facing the process Altalpm remote problem
bandwidth Bandwidth any speed through which the exchange of information
between the Internet service provider and the Internet user that
connects to the network via this provider . Vmstkhaddmo Internet who
connect to the network from a regular household phone devices via
Internet service providers share information with Internet speeds do not
normally exceed 33.6 Kbps Kbps for the transfer of video lectures
appropriately so that they can watch lectures on the full-size screen
and without a cut in sound and picture a user needs the Internet to
offer high-speed transfer of information between him and the network
Alanturnnt . This can be achieved by connecting the user's computer via
the Internet systems , especially given bandwidth Bandwidth larger
systems such as ISDN, DSL and T1 Lines
And others. These systems are considered expensive for ordinary users .
5 . Security :
Security
is one of the fundamental problems facing the process of distance
learning. During the performance of the examination of electronic
on-line quizzes professor does not guarantee that the student was not
trying to cheat . As well as the professor does not guarantee that it
performs the exam is the student's own and not someone else. There are
some software tools and techniques that may help overcome some of the
negative aspects related to security , but it is not enough to overcome
all those negatives . This means the use of what is known as Bal Login
Names and Passwords for the entry to the exam by programming the site to
accept only students who are allowed to enter. Of those roads also get
the IP address used by the student's performance during the exam by
doing special programs use some possibilities Computer Server from the
server to identify the address. However, these methods are not
sufficient to overcome all the negatives on the subject of security.
6 . Costs:
In
addition to the previous negatives , there are the costs borne by the
party that you want to apply the system of distance education . Of these
costs with regard to the technological infrastructure required for the
distance education system . The purchase and maintenance of computer
server Server with equipment and programs , or rent space on a computer
server of a third party all of which represent a financial burden . The
training of teachers in the use of software and tools used in distance
education system represents an additional financial burden .
Requirements of distance education :
There are some technical requirements that must be met in order to design a system distance learning , including:
1
. The presence of a computer server Server with sufficient capacity and
speed in order to store the information relating to courses . This can
be a computer server located at the university or the party that put
distance education programs . However, the availability of this system
when the body requires high costs of installation , maintenance, and
Internet connectivity . Can provide those costs by renting space on a
computer server available at one of the companies that lease space on
its computer server to meet certain amounts .
2
. You must allow programmers to enter a specific area in the central
computer in order to enable them to work web pages interactive
Interactive using the programs (Common Gateway Interface) CGI, which are
programs written in languages software such as Pearl, Visual Basic, C
+ +, C, and allow these programs to the Internet user sends information
and receive responses from certain central computer .
3
. Must be available to work programs and maintenance of web pages such
as editing software page Web Page Editors and FTP file transfer programs
and the Telnet. And also must have experience of teachers using these
programs . May be required in some cases, provide knowledge of the
language by using the language recognized for the work of the Internet
pages.
4 . Must provide a connection between the students and the Internet so that students have access to a computer server.
5
. You must have a large amplitude wave high bandwidth enable students
to access the Internet at high speed and in the case of whether the
distance education system includes video lectures . This speed should
exceed the speed of 33.6 kb and is not less than the normal speed of the
system ISDN.
6 . It may require
additional hardware , such as the availability of a Video Server whether
distance education system includes visual materials .
Second : Video conference
Is
the transfer of live images and audio from a site to several sites
separated by distances for the transfer of information ) lectures ,
seminars , conferences , elections ... etc. ( needed by all parties and
the transmission and reception interactive and direct and means of
transmission main cameras and monitors and the technique used in general
are . hdsl
Third: The system of telemedicine tele medicine
System of telemedicine applications is one of the video conference
And allows the user to hold or confers some surgical operations or by video
The robot Robot from places as far apart to facilitate medical consultations for cases
Emergency and the technique used is the same technique . hdsl
The beneficiaries of the service:
Universities
Hospitals
Conference rooms
TV
Organizations and the diplomatic corps
Enterprises and institutions